Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （NSAIDs） are effective and widely used anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs，and their inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase （COX） will cause different reactions. Selective COX-2 inhibitors will significantly increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. With the increasing use of such drugs and the accumulation of clinical evidence，the cardiovascular risks they bring have attracted more and more attention from scholars. This review highlighted resent research of cardiovascular risks caused by selective COX-2 inhibitors and provided evidences for rational drug use in clinical practice.