Nutritional risk and malnutrition are commonly found among emergency patients，which can increase the risk of mortality and further burden the disease. However，in the field of emergency medicine，the attention given to nutritional risk has been significantly lower compared to other specialties. In 2016，several international nutrition organizations proposed the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) as a comprehensive approach. Since its inception，GLIM has rapidly developed into a major methodological tool for nutritional diagnosis. At the same time，diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) have been widely implemented in China and have become an important aspect of healthcare reform. Within the context of DRGs，the diagnosis and intervention of malnutrition hold significant clinical and economic implications for patients. This article aims to review various aspects including nutritional risk screening，malnutrition diagnosis，clinical and economic benefits，as well as future directions for nutritional assessment of emergency patients，taking into account the frameworks of both DRGs and GLIM. The goal is to provide valuable insights for emergency healthcare professionals to better understand nutritional assessment in the emergency department.