Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） is the second most common malignant tumor originating in the liver. Radical surgical resection remains the main treatment for ICC

but the postoperative recurrence rate is high. Targeted therapy has become the main alternative treatment for unresectable ICC

but its efficacy needs further confirmation. Tumor histopathology and microenvironment are closely related to the prognosis of ICC. Imaging features based on typical tissue structure changes are the imaging basis for ICC diagnosis

post-treatment efficacy evaluation

and prognostic prediction

and are of great value for precise clinical management of ICC patients. This article intends to focus on the histopathology

tumor microenvironment

non-invasive imaging diagnosis

biological behavior

curative effect prediction and prognosis evaluation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

in-depth explanation of the macro imaging basis based on microstructural pathological changes

improve the imaging understanding of ICC

and help early diagnosis and intensive treatment of ICC.