Lung cancer is still the tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality among all cancers worldwide，and it is also the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity in China. Among them，non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）is the most common，account-ing for about 85% of the total. Comprehensive treatment based on surgery is the main treatment method for lung cancer. Thoracoscopy has gradually become the preferred treatment method in non-small cell lung cancer surgery. From invasive to minimally invasive，as well the multiportal to the uniportal，more and more used for wedge resection，segmentectomy，lobectomy，total lobectomy，sleeve resec-tion and so on. For the surgery，the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery（ERAS）is always the relentless pursuit of improving pa-tient outcomes. The uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery stands out because of a series of advantages，such as the more direct surgi-cal field of vision，the more suitable application of surgical instruments，the reduction in postoperative pain，and the good cosmetic ef-fect. Although the application prospect of uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery in non-small cell lung cancer is very broad，it is still in the preliminary exploration stage.There are still a series of problems such as limited operation angle and mutual interference between instruments. This article summarizes the application progress and thinking of uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery in non-small cell lung cancer surgery.