In recent years，it has been discovered that tumor cells can maintain their high metabolic demand and high drug resistance through mitochondrial transfer between cells. Mitochondrial transfer can occur between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs）and leukemia cells，promoting the chemotherapy resistance of leu⁃kemia cells. This article reviews mitochondrial transfer between BMSCs and leukemia cells，the triggering signals of the transfer，transfer pathways，and its relationship with the chemotherapy resistance of leukemia cells，aiming to provide ideas for research on reversing the drug resistance of leukemia cells.