OBJECTIVE: To investigate the off-label use of antiepileptic drugs in outpatient children with epilepsy

and to explore its influencing factors

so as to provide reference for rational use of antiepileptic drugs in children.METHODS: The cases of children with epilepsy in pediatric outpatient department of Chinese PLA General Hospital from Jan.2019 to Nov.2020 were summarized

and whether there was off-label drug use in the prescription of antiepileptic drugs was judged according to the contents of drug instructions.The types of off-label drug use and the offlabel use of various antiepileptic drugs were analyzed statistically

and the influencing factors of off-label drug use were discussed by univariate analysis.RESULTS: A total of 193 children with epilepsy were enrolled

of which 166 children were treated with antiepileptic drugs

totally 249 case-times of antiepileptic drugs.The three main types of off-label drug use were off-label age administration（ 85 case-times

34. 1%）

over single drug/additive administration（ 49 casetimes

19. 7%）

and off-label attack types（ 41 case-times

16. 5%）. Among various antiepileptic drugs

Topiramate tablets（ 78. 4%

40/51） and Leveethracetam tablets（ 58. 8%

30/51） accounted for a higher proportion of drugs with off-label age administration. Levetiracetam tablets（ 9. 8%

5/51） accounted for the highest proportion of over-dose administration

and Clonazepam tablets（ 13. 6%

3/22） accounted for the highest proportion of over-frequency administration.Levetiracetam tablets（ 51. 0%

26/51） took the lead of off-label attack types

and Levetiracetam tablets（ 62. 7%

32/51） accounted for the highest proportion of over single drug/additive administration.CONCLUSIONS:Off-label use of antiepileptic drugs is common in pediatric outpatient department

especially off-label age administration

among which Levetiracetam tablets and Topiramate are the most prominent.Age and basic drugs affect the use of pediatric antiepileptic drugs in our hospital.