OBJECTIVE: To probe into the risk factors of bloodstream infection of extended spectrum β-lactamase （ESBL）-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae

so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention and identification of bloodstream infection of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae and rational drug application.METHODS: Clinical data of patients with bloodstream infection of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in a certain grade Ⅲ hospital were retrospective analyzed

Logistic regression method was adopted to analyze the risk factors of bloodstream infection of ESBL-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae.RESULTS: Totally 280 patients with bloodstream infection of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were involved

196 strains of E. coli and 84 strains of K.pneumoniae were isolated; of which the detection rates of ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were respectively 53. 57% （105 strains） and 32. 14% （27 strains）.E.coli infection （OR = 3. 540

95%CI = 1. 866-6. 719

P<0. 001）

hospitalization history in the recent 3 months （OR = 2. 492

95%CI = 1. 407-4. 414

P = 0. 002）

application of cephalosporin antibiotics （OR = 4. 086

95% CI = 1. 281-13. 029

P = 0. 017） or cephalosporin antibiotics/β-lactamase inhibitor compound preparation （OR = 4. 884

95% CI = 1. 285-18. 560

P = 0. 020） in the recent 2 weeks were the independent risk factors of bloodstream infection of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae. CONCLUSIONS: Past hospitalization history

recent application of cephalosporin antibiotics or cephalosporin antibiotics/β-lactamase inhibitor compound preparation can increase the risk of bloodstream infections of ESBL-producing E.coli and K.pneumonia.It is recommended that clinicians should fully evaluate the risk factors of ESBL-producing bacterial infection and choose appropriate antibiotics.