OBJECTIVE: To investigate the drug use for pediatric respiratory tract infections

so as to promote the rational use of drugs. METHODS: Totally 6 078 pediatric outpatient emergency prescriptions were extracted from Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine（ hereinafter referred to as "our hospital"） from Apr. to Dec. 2018. Statistical analysis was conducted on respiratory infection rate in children

utilization rate of antibiotics

medication status of children with fever and drug combination

use of Chinese patent medicine alone. And standardization of prescription and rationality of medication were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the6 078 pediatric outpatient emergency prescriptions

there were 5 101 prescriptions for respiratory tract infections（ 83. 93%）. The utilization rate of antibiotics in children with respiratory tract infection was 77. 67%（ 3 962/5 101）.There were 58. 69%（ 2 994/5 101） of children with fever. The combined utilization rate and the single utilization rate of Chinese patent medicine in children with respiratory tract infection were 67. 71%（ 3 454/5 101） and 4. 65%（ 237/5 101）

respectively. There were 12 irrational prescriptions for respiratory tract infection

including inappropriate selection of drugs

inappropriate use and dosage of drugs

repeated drug use

inconsistent indications and diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: The commonly used drugs for pediatric respiratory infections in our hospital are antibiotics

Chinese patent medicine and adjuvant drugs. Prescription standardization and rationality of medication are generally better

and the use rate of antibiotics is higher. Clinical pharmacists should strengthen the review of pediatric prescriptions and timely communicate with clinicians to standardize the use of antibiotics to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medication for children.