OBJECTIVE: To probe into the incidence of edema after recombinant human interleukin-11 in the treatment of diabetic patients with thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy. METHODS: Totally 30 diabetic patients withⅢ-Ⅳ of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia and treated with recombinant human interleukin-11 from Qianjiang Central Hospital from Feb. 2012 to Dec. 2018 were enrolled as the diabetes group

and 31 malignancy patients without diabetes after treated with interleukin-11 were enrolled as the control group. Difference of incidence of edema after usage of recombinant human interleukin-11 of two groups within 14 days were compared

and the correlation between edema and age of the patients in the diabetes group was observed and analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of edema in the diabetes group was 50. 00%（ 15/30）

significantly higher than that in the control group（ 12. 90%

4/31）

and the increase in body mass was significantly higher than that in the control group

the differences were statistically significant（ P < 0. 05）. In the diabetes group

the incidence of edema in patients aged ≥ 60 years was 52. 94%（ 9/17）

and the incidence in patients aged < 60 years was 46. 15%（ 6/13）

the difference was not statistically significant（ P>0. 05）. The incidences of other adverse drug reactions in the diabetes group and the control group were respectively 13. 33%（ 4/30） and 12. 90%（ 4/31）

the difference was not statistically significant（ P > 0. 05）.CONCLUSIONS: Compared with patients without the history of diabetes

recombinant human interleukin-11 in the treatment of thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in patients with diabetes can increase the incidence of edema.