Objective: To investigate and analyze the cognitive status of knowledge of antibiotics management among pediatric clinicians in maternal and children’s specialized medical institutions in Henan

so as to provide reference for promoting rational use of antibiotics in children and further improving the management of antibiotics. Methods: Survey questionnaire was designed focusing on regulatory requirements and theoretical understanding of antibiotics. Pediatric clinicians in maternal and children’s specialized medical institutions in Henan were surveyed by questionnaire. Research data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics

analysis of variance and linear regression analysis. Results: The survey on pediatric clinicians in maternal and children’ s specialized medical institutions in Henan demonstrated insufficient understanding and application of knowledge of antibiotics management. Among 5 questions related to antibiotic regulations

correct responses were >60% for 3 questions. Similarly

among 15 questions assessing theoretical knowledge of antibiotics

correct responses were > 60% for 3 questions. There were statistically significant differences in knowledge of antibiotics managemen among pediatric clinicians based on educational qualifications

grade of healthcare institutions

and professional titles (P<0. 05). The grade of healthcare institutions emerged as a significant factor influencing cognitive status of antibiotic knowledge in pediatric clinicians. Conclusion: In order to promote the rational use of antibiotics in children and prevent antibiotic resistance

it is crucial for governmental authorities and healthcare institutions at all levels to intensify training efforts aimed at improving the antibiotic knowledge of pediatric clinicians and strengthening the supervision of use of antibiotics