Objective: To summarize three cases of pulmonary ateriovenous malformation manifested by massive hemoptysis

so as to improve early recognition of pulmonary ateriovenous malformation in children. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical manifestations

laboratory examinations

imaging

fiberoptic bronchoscopy

treatment methods and outcomes of three cases of pediatric pulmonary arteriovenous malformation manifested by massive hemoptysis admitted into Children ’ s Hospital of Soochow University. Results: Three cases were older children with no past medical history

presented with hemoptysis as the first symptom

with only mild cough and no other accompanying symptoms. Routine laboratory examinations showed no specific findings. The diagnosis was confirmed in three cases through pulmonary digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The first case opted out of bronchial embolization treatment and eventually died due to recurrent massive hemoptysis. The second case underwent interventional embolization treatment

and the third case received bronchial artery embolization for twice. The second and third cases had been followed up for two years

with no recurrence of hemoptysis and no discomfort. Conclusion: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is mostly seen in older children

who are physically fit

with massive hemoptysis as the main manifestation

without other accompanying symptoms

timely DSA examination can make the clear diagnosis

and interventional embolization is minimally invasive with favorable prognosis.