Objective: To analyze the therapeutic drug monitoring and treatment situation of digoxin in neonates and provide references for clinical rational use of digoxin. Methods: The neonatal cases using digoxin in our hospital from 2016 to 2020 were collected

and the patient data

digoxin dosage

administration frequency

routes

therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 104 hospitalized neonates treated with digoxin were enrolled

including 43 preterm infants and 61 term infants and the average maintenance dose of digoxin was (7. 0±2. 4) and (8. 2±1. 5) μg/ (kg·d)

respectively. About 96. 2% of the children were administered with q12h frequency

and 93. 3% were administered orally. And 78 children underwent therapeutic drug monitoring

with 0. 5 to 2. 0 ng/ mL as the reference range of trough concentration

among which

the drug concentrations of 25(24. 0%) children exceeded the upper limit of the reference value

and no case was lower than the lower limit of the reference value. The average drug concentration of preterm infants and full-term infants at the recommended doses were both (1. 7±0. 7) ng/ mL

respectively

and the clinical cure rates were 50. 0% and 61. 8%

respectively. Conclusion: Neonates

especially premature infants

are sensitive to digoxin. It is recommended to closely monitor the drug concentration and adverse reactions. Clinical pharmacists can provide individualized pharmaceutical services for neonates to promote clinical rational drug use.