Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of quality improvement on the utilization rate of antibacteria drug in premature infants suspected of early-onset sepsis (EOS). Methods: The clinical quality improvement program for the use of antibacteria drug in premature infants suspected of EOS was formulated

and cohort study was adopted. Children with suspected EOS in preterm infants admitted to the neonatal department of our hospital from October 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group

and children with suspected EOS in preterm infants admitted from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the control group. The main outcome measures were antibacteria drug utilization rate

duration of antibacteria drug use

and recurrence of infection. Results:The study included 572 preterm infants

the observation group included 242 cases

and the control group included 330 cases. There was no significant difference in the clinical general data in the two groups (P>0. 05). The utilization rate of antibacteria drug in the observation group (75. 98%) was lower than that in the control group (89. 69%). The antibacteria drug use time of the control group (329. 11 days per 1

000 hospital days) was higher than that in the observation group (216. 05 days per 1

000 hospital days). There was no death in the two groups. There was either no significant difference in infection-related adverse events after antibacteria drug discontinuation during hospitalization (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Quality improvement can reduce the utilization rate and duration of suspected EOS antibacteria drug in preterm infants

providing theoretical basis for rational use of antibacteria drug in preterm infants.