Objective: To analyze the independent risk factors of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MR-KPN) infection in children

so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling MR-KPN infection. Methods: The clinical data of 124 child patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae(KPN) treat in Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from 2017 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed

and they were divided into two groups

MR-KPN group (n = 43) and KPN group (n = 81)

based on the occurrence of multidrug resistance. The differences between two groups were analyzed by single-factor analysis and the independent risk factors of MR-KPN infection were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results: The samples of the two groups were mainly sputum. The single-factor analysis showed that the following aspects were the risk factors for MR-KPN infection in children: age

length of stay

prognosis

premature birth

low birth weight

twins

past medical histories (pneumonia

urinary tract infection or other diseases)

use of antibiotics before culture ( β-lactam antibiotic compound preparation

second-generation cephalosporins

third-generation cephalosporins

carbapenems)

hospital-acquired infections

intravenous glucocorticoids

parenteral nutrition

immunosuppressants

use of antibiotics in hospital (carbapenems

β-lactam antibiotic compound preparation or other antibacterial drugs)

invasive operations (gastric tube

urinary catheter

nasal feeding tube and other operations)

the time of using antibiotics and the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) before the first positive culture (P<0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that premature birth

using β-lactam antibiotic compound preparation before the culture

and nasogastric feeding tube were the independent risk factors for MR-KPN infection (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: Premature birth

using β-lactam antibiotic compound preparation before the culture

and nasogastric feeding tube are the independent risk factors of MR-KPN infection in children.