Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics

diagnosis and treatment strategies of congenital tuberculosis in newborns delivered by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Methods: Clinical data of a case of congenital tuberculosis delivered by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were analyzed. Literature related to neonatal congenital tuberculosis after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were reviewed

clinical characteristics

diagnosis and treatment were summarized. Results: The female infant was delivered by cesarean section at 35+2 weeks of pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. The infant was admitted into the hospital on the 29th day due to “recurrent fever and shortness of breath for 7 d”

accompanied by cough

rapid heart rate and hepatomegaly. The diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis was confirmed by DNA high-throughput genetic testing of blood and sputum pathogenic microorganisms

and the infant was discharged after 25 d of antituberculosis treatment with isoniazid

rifampicin

cycloserine and linezolid. A total of 12 articles at home and abroad were extracted after the retrieval

including 18 children

and a total of 19 children were included in combination with this case. The age of onset was (37.4±28.2) d

the most common manifestations of onset were respiratory distress in 16 cases (84.2%)

fever in 9 cases (47.4%)

apnea in 6 cases (31.6%) and cough in 5 cases (26.3%). Of which apnea occurred in infant whose gestational age was less than 32 weeks

fever and cough mainly occurred in infant whose corrected gestational age was more than 34 weeks. There were 17 cases (89.5%) treated with four or more combinations of drugs. Totally 16 cases (84.2%) were cured or significantly improved. Conclusion: Congenital tuberculosis after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is characterized by late onset and rapid progress. The clinical manifestations are diverse

atypical and difficult to diagnose and easy to misdiagnose. Congenital tuberculosis should be considered in newborns after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer with late onset dyspnea and have no response to anti-infective treatment. DNA high-throughput genetic testing of blood and sputum pathogenic microorganisms is helpful for etiological diagnosis