Objective: To probe into the effect and mechanism of spleen aminopeptide combined with pidotimod in the adjuvant treatment of children with asthma. Methods: Totally 178 children with acute attack of bronchial asthma admitted into pediatrics of our hospital from Mar. 2020 to Mar. 2021 were extracted to be divided into the observation group and the control group via the random number table

with 89 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with conventional treatment and management

and the observation group was additionally given spleen aminopeptide combined with pidotimod. The efficacy of two groups was compared

and the levels of CD3+

CD4+

CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ of T lymphocyte subsets before and after treatment were detected. The disappearance time of clinical symptoms (cough and asthma

dyspnea and wheezing) was recorded. Relative expression levels of interferon regulator factor 1 (IRF1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) in peripheral blood before and after treatment were analyzed by 2-ΔΔCt relative quantification method. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was 92.13%

higher than 75.28% in the control group (P<0.05). The disappearance time of cough and asthma

dyspnea and wheezing in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.01). After treatment

the levels of CD3+

CD4+

CD4+/CD8+ in two groups were higher than those before treatment

the levels of CD8+

IRF1

STAT1 were lower than those before treatment

and the levels of CD3+

CD4+

CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after treatment

the levels of CD8+

IRF1 and STAT1 were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: On the basis of routine treatment and management

spleen aminopeptide combined with pidotimod can improve the immune function of children with asthma

shorten the disappearance time of symptoms

inhibit the expression of IRF1 and STAT1

so as to effectively improve the therapeutic effect.