Objective: To summarize the clinical features

diagnosis and treatment of 6 cases of neonatal hyperthyroidism. Methods: Medical records of 6 cases of neonatal hyperthyroidism from Jun. 2013 to Jan. 2020 were collected and analyzed in combination with literature. Results: Six neonates had maternal thyroid disease without monitoring thyrotrophin receptor antibody (TRAb) during pregnancy

and presented typical symptoms of hyperthyroidism for 7 to 15 d after birth. Increased heart rate and shortness of breath were the most common symptoms

and one case was characterized by increased respiratory secretions and hyperthyroidism crisis. Six cases who recovered after treatment with methimazole from 1.0 to 1.5 mg/(kg·d) were stayed in hospital for 6 to 38 d and discharged with medication. Five cases were diagnosed with temporary hyperthyroidism

and the drug was discontinued at 2 months of age. One case had persistent hyperthyroidism and still had abnormal thyroid function at 8 months of age

with developmental retardment

dysplasia of hip join and advanced bone age; the thyroid function returned to normal state at 2 years and 4 months of age and the drug was discontinued. Conclusion: Management of high-risk pregnant women with thyroid disease should be strengthened

TRAb of the mothers and neonates are supposed to be dynamically monitored to early predict and diagnose the neonatal hyperthyroidism. The prognosis of most neonates with hyperthyroidism is good after timely and reasonable medical treatment.