Objective: To probe into the efficacy and prognosis of nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (NCPAP) and nasal intermittent positive airway pressure ventilation (NIPPV) combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the treatment of premature infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods: Totally 158 children with NRDS admitted into our hospital from Jan. 2016 to Jan. 2018 were extracted to be randomly divided into the control group and the observation group

with 79 cases in each group. Two groups were respectively given NCPAP and NIPPV non-invasive ventilation on the basis of porcine lung phospholipid therapy

and were followed up for 30 d after discharge. The blood gas indexes such as PaO2

PaCO2

pH

PaO2/FiO2 (P/F)

complications

clinical efficacy and short-term prognosis of two groups were compared. Results: At 6 h

24 h and 48 h after treatment

PaCO2 was significantly lower than that before treatment

and the values of PaO2

pH and P/F were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05). PaCO2 in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05)

and other indicators were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The number of cases of mechanical ventilation

invasive assisted ventilation time

non-invasive assisted ventilation time

total oxygen therapy time

length of stay and incidence of complications after treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 89.87%

significantly higher than 77.22% in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the survival rate between two groups (HR=0.482

95%CI: from 0.175 to 1.326

P=0.173). Conclusion: NIPPV combined with PS in the treatment of NRDS can significantly improve the clinical efficacy

the blood gas index and oxygenation function

shorten the treatment time

with higher safety.