Objective:To observe the histomorphological changes and study the dynamic expression of OC at the bone cement interface of rabbit after vertebroplasty.Methods:24 New-Zealand rabbits with osteoporosis were randomly divided into two groups

including experimental group and control group.The experimental group were established into vertebroplasty model

and the procedure in control group was completed without bone cement injection.Respectively

at 1

24 h

3 d

7 d

4 w and 12 w

rabbits from each group were killed by aeroembolism.The operative vertebral bodies were taken out as research objects.The histomorphological changes were observed by HE staining and the OC expression of the rabbits was studied by immunohistochemistry stain at the bone cement interface.Results:At all of the injected sites

there was intimate contact between the cement and the surrounding tissue in experimental group.The volume of PMMA had no prominent changes.There was a 0.5 cm low density area in the puncture site in the control group.After the operative vertebra was taken out

it was observed that PMMA was closely integrated with the surrounding tissue.Bone cement volume had no significant change compared with the preoperative volume.The control group showed normal bone healing process in HE staining.The bone cement was closely integrated with bone surrounding tissue in experimental group.There was no osteonecrosis between PMMA and surrounding tissue.The OC expression increased in both groups after surgery.Compared with the control group

the OC expression of experimental group was delayed.Conclusion:There is inflammatory reaction at the bone cement interface

and it is delayed compared with the control group.It indicates that the exothermic reaction of PMMA and monomer toxicity do not cause permanent bone necrosis.During the curing process

the OC shows high expression

which is delayed compared with control group.This demonstrates that the function of local bone tissue and cells doesn’t suffer irreversible damage.