Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of 52-week telbivudine(LDT) treatment and survey predicted factors relating to HBeAg seroconversion.Methods:100 patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B were received LDT 100mg per day for 52 weeks.Results:At week 52

undetectable serum HBV DNA rates was 81%

HBeAg seroconversion rates were 31%

viral breakthrough rates was 4%.HBeAg seroconversion rates were associated with baseline HBeAg

but were not associated with both baseline ALT and baseline HBV DNA.There was significant difference in seroconversion of HBeAg at week 52 between HBeAg≤500 PEIU/ml with HBeAg>500 PEIU/ml(P<0.01).The rapid downward mode of HBeAg in the initial 12 weeks is the most common one in patients(74.2% cases)with HBeAg seroconversion at week 52.Binary Logistic analysis found that HBeAg declline>2 log PEIU/ml at week 24

HBeAg decline>1 log PEIU/ml at week 12

HBeAg baseline were the independent factors correlated to HBeAg seroconversion rates at week 52.95% of the patients with HBeAg declline>2 log PEIU/ml at week 24 were achieved with HBeAg seroconversion at week 52.Conclusion:the efficacy of telbivudine is good for therapy of HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B for 52 weeks.HBeAg declline>2 log PEIU/ml at week 24 is the best predicted factor for the HBeAg seroconversion at week 52.