Objective:To detect the expression of TGF-β1 in tibia and fibula fracture with two methods of compression plate fixation and intramedullary nail fixation

and to evaluate their therapeutic effects.Methods:117 patients with non severe tibia and fibula fractures were separated into two groups.One group received pressurized plates fixation for treatment

the other received intramedullary nail fixation.On 1

7

30 and 90 days after surgery

TGF-β1 was detected by ELISA

and on 30 days after surgery the clinical efficacy were also assessed. Results:The TGF-β1 content increased on 7 days as compared with that on 1 days after surgery

and the TGF-β1 content gradually decreased at on 30 to 90 days after surgery.The TGF-β1 content in compression plate fixation group were lower than that in intramedullary nailing group every points of four days(P<0.01).The excellent efficacy was 77.6%in the compression plate fixation group 3 months after surgery

which was lower than 91.5%in the intramedullary nailing group(χ2=4.366

P=0.037).But thecomplication rate in two groups was the same(χ2=0.068

P=0.794).Conclusion:The interlocking intramedullary nail fixation for tibia and fibula fracture has a better clinical efficacy than compression plate fixation

and the increased TGF-β1 expression may play a important role.