Objective:To explore etiology of small cell carcinoma of endometrium and clinical

histopathologic and features of the disease.Methods:We reported two case of this rare tumor and reviewed the literature.Results:Both patients presented with vaginal bleeding.Both of them underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.Two cases were stage Ⅲc according to postoperative pathology

Pathological examination revealed small cell carcinoma of endometrium Immunohistochemical evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation was demonstrated by using markers as neuron-specific enolase

synaptophysin.Case 1 died of her disease 5months after surgery

case 2 underwent chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and was alive with no evidence of disease for 2 months.Conclusion:Primary small cell carcinoma of the endometrium is extremely rare and aggressive disease

The outcome is very poor

Surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy may contribute to an improved prognosis.