Objective:To evaluate the safety of one-lung ventilation and artificial hydrothorax to aid HIFU treatment of liver carcinoma located in distal end of diaphragm and edge of liver and to observe the related indices in the treatment.Methods:Twelve patients with liver carcinoma received general anesthesia using double lumen endobronchial tube bi-chamber trachea cannula.Saline was injected into right thoracic cavity to turn artificial pleural fluid.During HIFU treatment

left lung had a ventilation with 100% FiO

2

.Before cannula（value of Base）;one lung was ventilated（DLV） for 15 mins

30 mins

60mins

120mins

then double lungs received ventilation again for 30mins（DLV’30）.And blood gas was analyzed separately.Vital monitoring machine kept observing ECG

HR

MAP

S

p

O

2

and PETCO2.One day and seven days after HIFU

X-ray was made to evaluate the outcome of hydrothorax.Results:All the patients were steady in blood gas and hemodynamic indices at the period of one-lung ventilation with artificial hydrothorax.The indices of PO

2

were higher during one-or two-lung ventilation than Base （P

<

0.01 or 0.05）

PCO

2

and pH were steady.MAP decreased at DLV30min

OLV30min

60min

still being in a normal range.Artificial hydrothorox was absorbed in all patients seven days after injection.Conclusion:One-lung ventilation and artificial hydrothorax can be an aid for a safe and effective HIFU treatment on liver carcinoma.