Objective: To analyze the causes

prophylaxis and therapeutic methods for the iatrogenic accidental injury of biliary tract.Methods: 26 cases of the extrahepatic biliary tract injury were reviewed in our hospital during the recent 15 years for liver

biliary tract

pancreas operation

and laparoscopic (LC) cholecystectomy. Results: 26 cases of patients with biliary duct injury include 20 cases of chronic cholecystitis with stone

3 cases of acute cholecystitis

2 cases of portal hypertension with cholelithiasis

and 1 case of common bile duct cancer.20 cases were caused by cholecystettomy

and 6 cases were caused by LC cholecystectomy.These injuries included 2 cases of common hepatic duct transection

7 cases of common bile duct transection

4 cases of ligation of common bile duct

9 cases of laceration of common bile duct

2 cases of laceration of right hepatic duct and 2 cases of accessory hepatic duct transection. Conclusion: The accidental injury of biliary tract often occurred because of severe edema around biliary duct

atrophic cholecystitis

Mirizzi syndrome

and high positioned gallbladder resection.The risk of biliary tract injury is increased in the patient with portal hypertension and bleeding.Lack of operation experience can also increase the risk of injury.So the accumulation of operative experience and standardization of operative procedure is very important to prevent the iatrogenic injury of extrahepatic biliary tract.