A prospective randomized study to compare the efficacy of levopraziquantel (189 cases) and praziquantel (75 cases) in the treatment of Schistosoma japonicum infection was reported. All patients were positive by stool hatching test before treatment and were treated with the same single dose of 30 mg/kg. The stool negative conversion rates 3 and 6 months after treatment in levopraziquantel group were 84.3% and 86.5% respectively

while that of praziquantel group were 71.6% and 72.9% respectively (p<0. 01). The side reactions of both groups were mild and transient. Liver and renal functions test

eletrocardiograms

blood and urine examinations showed no remarkable changes. Evdently levopraziquantel was superior to praziquantel in therapeutic effect. It mey be used for mass treatment in schistosomiasis endemic areas