Objective: To analyze the prognostic relationship between Human papillomavirus (HPV) -infection and endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) of the uterine cervix

so as to provide a reference for clinical work. Methods: Clinical data of 468 ECA patients screened from SEER Database were divided into HPVA (HPV-associated adenocarcinoma) and NHPVA (non-HPV-associated Adenocarcinoma) group

followed by a retrospective analysis

which were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test

Fisher test

K-M method

log-rank test and Cox regression. Results: There were significant differences in stage and tumor differentiation grade between the two groups. Compared with HPVA group

the stage of NHPVA group was later (P=0.001)

and the tumor differentiation was worse (P<0.05). The NHPVA group had a significantly higher cancer-related mortality (70/205

34.1%) than HPVA group (53/263

20.2%). The prognosis was significantly worse in NHPVA group than HPVA group (P=0.001). The cancer-related mortality was significantly different (P=0.002) within the 5 sub-groups of mucinous

gastic type

villoglandular

clear cell

and serous carcinoma

while the serous type had the worst prognosis. Conclusion: It is important to classify the ECA into HPVA and NHPVA for clinical work in the future.