Objective:To observe the effect of rhubarb enema on the serum high mobility group B1（HMGB1）

procalcitonin（PCT）

interleukin-6（IL-6）and tumor necrosis factors-α（TNF-α）level in patients suffered from severe acute pancreatitis（SAP）. Methods:Sixty SAP patients were collected and randomly divided into the observation group（received rhubarb enema

30 cases）and the control group（received soapy water enema

30 cases）. The levels of HMGB1

PCT

IL-6 and TNF-α in each group were dynamically detected on 1st

3rd and 5th day after admission. Results:There was no statistical significance in the HMGB1

PCT

IL-6 and TNF-αlevel of patients in two groups before treatment（P was 0.535

0.876

0.973 and 0.419

respectively）. On the 3rd day and 5th day

the HMGB1

PCT

IL-6 and TNF-α levels of the observation group were lower than those in control group（P<0.05）. The increased value of HMGB1 between day l and day 3 was significantly negative correlated with the APACHE Ⅱscore of 3rd day in both groups

but not the same of PCT

IL-6 and TNF-α. The bedside index for severity in SAP（BISAP）score on 5th day was lower in observation group compared with that of control group（P=0.038）. The time for releasing of abdominal pain and distention

the recovery of flatus

defecation

and for CRRT was shorter in the observation group than in control group（P<0.01）. And the overall efficiency was higher in observation group than in control group（P=0.023）. Conclusion:Rhubarb can effectively inhibit the expression of the late inflammatory factor HMGB1

PCT

IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with severe acute pancreatitis

reduce the BISAP score

relieve the symptoms and improve the outcome of SAP

and the HMGB1 change level may be used as valuable parameters to evaluate the prognosis of SAP.