Objective:To explore the expression and significance of matrix metalloproteinases（MMP-9）and transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1）for endometrium with intrauterine adhesions（IUAs）. Methods:Human experiment:A total of 20 endometrium tissues with severe IUAs were collected with confirmed and treated IUAs by hysteroscope（IUAs group）

plus 15 patients without IUAs（control group）. Animal experiment:IUAs rat models were structured with 95% ethanol injection for 8min

control group with normal saline. Endometrial tissues of control group and experiment groups（postoperation1、3、5、10d）were achieved

respectively. Histological（HE

Masson）and Immunohistochemistry were employed to observe rat endometrial morphology changes and the expression level of keratin

marker for gland or cavity epithelium. q RT-PCR and Western blot were involved in order to test the m RNA and protein levels of MMP-9 and TGF-β1 in IUAs patient and rat endometrium. Results:（1）Clinical experiment revealed that the protein expression of MMP-9（F=1.027

P=0.001）and TGF-β1（F=1.156

P=0.000）in endometrium with IUAs was significantly up-regulated compared to the control group.（2）IUAs rat models were successfully established using 95% ethyl alcohol injection for 8 min

the expression level of marker for luminal or gland epithelium

keratin

was significantly deceased（compared with control

post-operation 5d:F =35.200

P =0.000;post-operation 10d:F =26.098

P=0.000）and endometrial fibrosis was demonstrated by Masson.（3）At post-operation 1d

3d

5d

10 d

MMP-9 m RNA expressions were 1.02-fold、1.80-fold、2.33-fold、4.58-fold than control group and TGF-β1 m RNA expressions were 2.53-fold、2.82-fold、3.55-fold、4.33-fold than control group

respectively;On protein

MMP-9 protein expression were 1.552 ±0.093、1.759 ±0.036、1.577 ±0.125、3.825 ±0.712（compared with control

P =0.000 merely at post-operation 10d）

TGF-β1 protein expression were 0.709 ±0.105、0.756 ±0.090、0.920 ±0.671、0.717 ±0.243（P =0.000

0.000

0.000

0.003 compared with control group

respectively）at post-operation 1d

3d

5d

10 d. Conclusion:The expression of MMP-9 and TGF-β1 were significantly increased in IUAs endometrium

which may supposed that the up-regulation of MMP-9and TGF-β1 may contribute to the development of IUAs.