Objective:To determine the association between vasoactive support and clinical outcome in infants after cardiac surgery.Methods:A retrospective chart review of 53 children（<6months of age） undergoing cardiac surgery with bypass was conducted. Vasoactive-inotropic scores（VIS） were calculated during the first 48 postoperative hours

and the maximum（MAX）and mean（MEA）scores in the first and second 24 postoperative hours[VIS（24MAX）

VIS（24MEA）

VIS（48MAX）

VIS（48MEA）] were also recorded. Chi-test

t-test

and ROC curves were performed for the association between VIS and the clinical outcomes. Results :There were 6 cases of neonates（6/53

11.32%）

11 cases of complex congenital heart disease eliminated（atrial septal defect

ASD）and ventricular septal defect（VSD）（11/53

20.75%）[1 case of complete atrioventricular septal defect（CAVC）

1 case of double outlet of right ventricle（DORV）

6 cases of translocation of great arteries（TGA）

1 case of pulmonary valve atresia（PVA）

2 cases of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection（TAPVC）]

3 cases of death（3/53

5.66%）. Children who reached poor outcomes included 5 cases of neurologic injury（5/53

9.43%）

5 cases of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation（5/53

9.43%）and 4 cases of hemodialysis（4/53

7.56%）. ROC analysis indicated that the VIS（24MAX） was strongly associated with poor outcomes and death（AUROC =0.938

P =0.000;AUROC =0.943

P =0.010）

and the cutoff points were 19.5（J =0.798;J =0.82）. Children with high VIS [VIS（24MAX）≥19.5] had significantly higher odds of mortality（25% & 0%

χ2=6.688

P=0.01）

poor outcomes（66.67% & 2.44%

χ2=22.799

P=0.000）

lactate（5.68 & 1.67

t=3.329

P=0.006）

prolonged time to first exudation（133.89 & 38.56

t=4.207

P=0.002）and PICU length of stay（7.67 & 3.27

t=4.247

P=0.002）compared with children with low VIS[VIS（24MAX）<19.5]. Conclusion:Maximum VIS calculated in the first 24 hours[VIS（24MAX）] after PICU admission is strongly and significantly associated with clinical outcomes in infants after cardiac surgery. The higher the VIS

the worse the illness

the poorer the prognosis

the higher the mortality.