Objective:To master the changes of bone mineral density（BMD）and its influencing factors among 40 to 60 years old women

and to provide the references for women’s health care work. Methods:System randomly selected 334 cases of 40 to 60 years old women in a community of Xi’an as the research object. Basic situation

diet and exercise habits were investigated by questionnaire.Lumbar BMD were detected by dual energy X-ray BMD detector

and the heart rate

height

weight

waist circumference

hip circumference

forearm length were measured. Measurement data of two groups were compared using t test

variance analysis

LSD-t method

Pearson analysis

multiple linear regression method. Results:Lumbar BMD was（0.933±0.150）g/cm2

the osteoporosis incidence（OP）was 17.1% and the osteopenia incidence was 27.8 %. The lower the age

the lower the BMD;there were significant differences between the groups（P<0.05）. BMD in peri-menopausal period was significantly higher than that in postmenopausal women（P<0.05）. The higher the BMD

the higher the BMI;there were significant differences between the groups（P<0.05）. There was no difference in BMD between higher intake of soy products

milk

eggs

lean meat

seafood group and lower intake group（P >0.05）;BMD was higher in lower intake of coffee and tea group than in higher intake group（P<0.05）. BMD was higher in those adhering to exercise more than 2 years than those adhering to exercise only 1 year（P<0.05）. BMD was higher in those having 4 to 6 times excises per week than in those having occasional or no exercise（P<0.05）. BMD was positively correlated with body weight

height

BMI

waist circumference

hip circumference

length of forearm（r=0.545

0.361

0.332

0.416

0.451

0.312

P<0.05）

but negative correlated with age

age at menarche（r=-0.413

-0.352

P<0.05）

and was not related with heart rate（r=0.16

P>0.05）. Multiple linear regression results showed that factors influencing BMD including age

age at menarche

menopause

height

weight

BMI

length of forearm

hip circumference

waist circumference

soy or soy products

tea

coffee

exercise frequency and exercise time（β=-1.206

-1.461

0.643

2.125

135.2

0.618

0.252

0.625

0.425

0.552

-2.105

-1.981

0.708

0.537

P<0.05）. Conclusion:The incidence of OP in postmenopausal women is 17.1%

and the incidence of osteopenia is 27.8%.The influencing factors of BMD are age

BMI

age of menarche and menopause

diet and exercise habits. Increased age

menopause

increased age of the first menstruation

habit of drinking coffee and tea are the risk factor of OP. High BMI

soy or soy products intake

regular exercise for more than two years are protective factors.