Long bones nonunion is a difficult problem which clinicians need to face currently. The most commonly used classification criteria by clinicians is Weber-Cech classification. The most commonly used diagnosis standard of bone nonunion is established by US Food and Drug Administration. Different types of bone nonunion need different treatment methods. In recent years much has been done on long bone nonunion both at home and abroad

some new ideas and methods were raised on the basis of the traditional intramedullary nail

plate and screw and external fixation operation therapy

including stem cell transplantation and gene therapy. Latest literature has been summarized so as to provide reference for clinicians to make further study for bone nonunion and to choose correct and reasonable treatment for patients.