Objective:To probe in the effects of recombined human parathyroid hormone(PTH)and alendronate(ALN)on body composition in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. Methods:Totally 64 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis were enrolled and were randomly distributed to two groups(42 patients in PTH group and 22 patients in ALN group). PTH and ALN treatments were respectively given to two groups for 48 weeks. During this period

changes of body composition were observed. Results:Total body fat mass was increased(P=0.000)in patients who were treated by the PTH method with a noticeable increase in upper limbs fat mass

android fat mass

gynoid fat mass and visceral fat mass(P=0.000). Among patients who were treated with ALN method

total body fat mass and trunk fat mass were increased(P=0.000

P=0.003)and there was no statistical difference in other fat tissues. However

there was a decline of body lean mass in both two groups. Serum PTH level had a positive relation with body fat mass(r=0.396

P=0.001).Conclusion:The subcutaneous fat tissue and visceral fat tissue of postmenopausal osteoporosis patients are increased after PTH treatment.