Objective:To investigate the distribution of pathogens and antibiotic resistance of neonatal pneumonia in our hospital

to clarify the characteristics of pathogens and to guide clinical rational drug selection. Methods:The bacterial culture and drug sensitivity of sputum samples from 2010 to 2014 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results:A total of 4 310 pathogenic isolates were detected in 5 years;3 722 stranis(86.4%) were gram-negative bacilli

556 strains(12.9%) were gram-positive bacilli

32 strains(0.7%)were fungi. There were 1 061 strains(32.3%)of extended spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBL)-producing bacteria

37 strains(7.9%)of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The composition of main bacteria in each year had little change:Klebsiella pneumoniae(1 216 strains

28.2%)

Escherichia coli(859 strains

19.9%)

Staphylococcus aureus(469 strains

10.9%)

Enterobacter cloacae(435 strains

10.1%) and Acinetobacter baumannii(432 strains

10.0%). The rate of enzyme production in each year changed in volatility

while the detection rate of MRSA had no significant difference. The drug resistance rate of the main leather gram-negative bacteria to commonly used antibiotic fluctuated;the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli was in a downward trend;overally

gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to most of the beta-lactase and highly sensitive to amikacin and carbapenems. The resistant rate of Staphylococcus aureus did not change during five years;no resistance to glycopeptides and linezolid was found. Conclusion:The main pathogens of neonatal pneumonia are gram-negative bacteria

especially Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Bacteria show different drug resistances because of time difference. Although drug resistance rate of the main pathogenic bacteria is in downward trend in recent 5 years

the rate of ESBL-producing is still high

and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae has been found.