Autophagy originally means "self-eating";the Belgian scientist Christtiande Duve discovered the structure of autophagy in the electron microscope as early as the 1950 s

and first proposed the conception of "autophagy"in 1963. Autophagy includes giant autophagy

micro-autophagy

chaperone-mediated autophagy. Its main physiological function is to wrap round damaged structure

degenerated or aging macromolecules and organelles by forming autophagosomes structure

on the function of fusing endosomes with lysosomes

then amino acids

nucleosides acid and ATP produced by degenerated autophagosomes participate in energy recycling process. Excessive or insufficient pathological autophagy is closely related to various diseases

such as neurodegeneration

cancer and myopathy. In cardiovascular system disease

such as myocardial ischemia

myocardial hypertrophy

etc

which often manifested as decreased myocardial contractility

myocardial energy utilization barriers

the action of autophagy in which has gradually aroused researchers’ concern. However

the specific mechanism of autophagy in nutrient deprivation condition which regulates cell survival is still controversial.