Objective　To explore the reform and practice of bone marrow puncture simulation teaching to improve the learning ability of undergraduates. Methods　In this study

112 students in Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University were selected and divided into experimental group and control group. The control group received routine bone marrow puncture teaching and training

and the experimental group received bone marrow puncture teaching and training mainly to improve the students' practical ability. Evaluation indicators were teaching effect and teaching satisfaction. SPSS 22.0 was conducted for chi-square test and t test. Results　The students in the experimental group were better than those in the control group in preoperative preparation

puncture site selection

operation methods

precautions and understanding of examiner's questions (P < 0.001)

and the students in the experimental group were more satisfied with course design

classroom interaction

increasing learning interest and improving the mastery of operation skills than those in the control group were (P < 0.001). Conclusion　The role change of teachers and the simulation teaching of bone marrow puncture to improve the practical ability of undergraduates increases the students' enthusiasm for learning the operation of bone marrow puncture

improves the quality of teaching and the students' operation skills of bone marrow puncture

and promotes the comprehensive development of students

which is worthy of further promotion.