Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics

neuroelectrophysiological changes and prognosis in children with Acute Flaccid Paralysis(AFP) caused by non-poliovirus(NPV) infections

and to explore it’s possible pathogenesis. Methods: Clinical observation

EV-antibody(EV-Ab) detection in blood serum

creatase detection in blood serum

cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) check-up and electrophysiologic study(EPS) were done in 32 AFP cases by NPV infections;and the result were compared. Results:(1)Children at every age were involved

mostly at age of 1~3 years;it occurred in every season

mostly in summer and autumn;Before palsy

most of them were affected by viral infections in respiratory tract or digestive tract;29 cases had AFP in one side of lower extremity with 3~4 grade muscle force

only 3 cases presented dissymmetrical AFP in both lower extremities

all cases had weakened tendon reflex

and none had sensory disorder.(2)Of 32 cases

10 presented Coxsackie virus antibody(CBV-IgM)(+) and 12 ECHOV-IgM(+) in blood serum

2 presented CBV-IgM(+) and slightly increased protein in CSF

and the rest were normal;2 cases had slightly increased CK in blood serum during climax

and presented normal in convalescent period. (3)Electrophysiologic changes included the following 29 cases had cutdowned compound muscle action potential(CMAP) wave amplitude in motor nerves

especially in the distal amplitude

even disappeared

and had normal nerve conduction velocity(NCV) in motor nerves

the present rate of F-wave was decreased

all cases had normal sensory nerve action potential(SNAP)

and normal sensory nerve conduction velocity(SCV)

electromyogram of 26 cases indicated neurogenic lesion

and only 3 cases had no obvious changes.(4)Majority of 32 cases recovered in two weeks

and the prognosis was good. Conclusion:The possible mechanism of AFP in children with NPV infections is that the induced immune reaction from NPV infections leaded to the motor nerve’s axonal slight degeneration

especially in its distal amplitude.