Objective:To investigate the effects of early anti-inflammatory therapy on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in adult rats after reperfusion in focal cerebral ischemia. Methods:116 male adult SD rats of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion(MCAO) made by intraluminal thread approach were randomly divided into 5 groups: 1) sham operation control group(SC group)

2)ischemia/reperfusion(I/R group)

3) cyclophosphamide and colchicin group(CC group)

4) colchicin group(Col group)

5)ascorbic acid group(VitC group). Medication was applied after 6 hours of operation

later once per day and last ten days.Then we detected the information of the expression of BDNF in hippocampus and peripheral focal cerebral ischemia. Results:The differences of BDNF positive cells counting in hippocampus and peripheral focal cerebral ischemia were not significant between the I/R group

Col group and VitC group(P>0.05)

while compared with I/R group

the decrease of positive cells counting in the CC group was significance(P<0.05). Conclusion:Ischemia plus reperfusion can induced the expression of BDNF in hippocampus and peripheral focal cerebral ischemia;The anti-inflammatory therapy of combination of cyclophosphamide and colchicin notably inhibited the expression of BDNF. While VitC or colchicin had no effection on the expression of BDNF.