Objective：To investigate the causes of traumatic injury induced visual impairment and to discuss the mechanism of the in－jury and the main points during the identification. Methods：The clinical data were collected from Chongqing institute of forensic medicine（2009-2012）. The clinical data of 200 cases of visual impairment were analyzed concerning the factors of age，sex，causes，pathology and severity degree of the injury. Results：The ratio of male to female was 2.92∶1； the ratio of left eyes injury to right eyes injury was 1.50∶1；the age ranged within 2-83 years old with the highest incidence in 40-49 years old group. The major cause（45.0%） of the injury was traffic accident followed by blunt force injury. The traffic accident resulted in optical nerve injury and blunt force in－jury resulted in ocular contusion. Low vision disability in grade 1 and 2 accounted for 41.2% and blind level（grade 3） accounted for 47.7% in vision identification. Conclusions：Traumatic injury is the main cause of visual impairment and the incidence of blindness is high. The main mechanism is the optic never injury caused by traffic accidents. In the identification，we should notice whether the visual impairment after injury is directly caused by the trauma. The damage of cornea and secondary glaucoma are always the causes of low vision disability in grade 1，but when the complication comes，the harm gets worse obviously.