Objective：To compare the clinical effectiveness of coaxial microincision cataract surgery（C-MICS） versus conventional coaxial small-incision cataract surgery（C-SICS） in the treatment of cataract. Methods：Randomized controlled trials comparing C-MICS with C-SICS were identified by searching CNKI，MEDLINE，Embase（2004 to July，2014） and the Cochrane Library（Issue 7，2014）. Data were synthesized using RevMan software（release 5.3） provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results：Through strictly including and excluding standard，a total of 14 trials（1 283 eyes） were included for Meta analysis. There was no significant difference between two groups in effective phacoemulsification time（P=0.36），mean phacoemulsification power（P=0.19），and central corneal thickness change（the first day，P=0.30；the first week，P=0.36；the first month，P=0.50）. There was no significant difference in corneal endothelial cell count at the first month between two groups（P=0.07）. The naked vision was statistically significantly better in C-MICS group than in C-SICS group on the first day，first month and the third month after the operation（the first day，P=0.003；the first month，P=0.000；the third month，P=0.002）. The surgical induced astigmatism was significantly less in C-MICS group than in C-SICS group on the first day，the first week，the first month and the third month after the operation（the first day，P=0.000；the first week，P=0.000；the first month，P=0.000；the third month，P=0.000）. Conclusion:C-MICS is superior to C-SICS in the treatment of cataract.