Objective：To investigate the cytogenetic abnormalities of patients with plasma cell dyscrasias by fluorescence in situ hy－bridization（FISH） in Chongqing region and its clinical significance. Methods：Panel probes of D13S319/RB1，CCND1/IgH，p53 and CKS1B/CDKN2C were used to detect the chromosomal abnormalities in 50 patients with plasma cell dyscrasias. At same time the con－ventional chromosome check was done. The correlation of cytogenetic abnormalities with clinical feature was studied. Results：Molec－ular genetics change was found in 34 cases（68%） out of 50 cases. One kind of abnormity was found in 24 cases（48%） and two or more than two kinds of abnormity was found in 10 cases（20%）. The ratio of abnormity form high to low was as followed：IgH gene aber－rance（36%），13q deletion（24%） and P53 gene deletion（20%）. Only 6 cases（12%） were found chromosome structural abnormalities by conventional chromosome check. The genetics abnormality was not correlated with age，gender，subgroup and stage. Conclusion：FISH method can more easily find abnormity than conventional chromosome check. High incidence of IgH gene aberrance，13q and P53 gene deletion is find among patients with plasma cell dyscrasias in Chongqing region，nevertheless，having no association with recent prognosis.