Objective To observe the clinical effects of IPPV + PS replacement therapy for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（NRDS）. Methods Eighty children with NRDS treated in a hospital in Zhengzhou from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected for this study. The children were divided into observation and control groups using a random number table

40 cases in each group. The children in the control group were given IPPV treatment

and the children in the observation group were treated with PS replacement therapy based on the treatment in the control group. The treatment effects of the two groups were compared at 2 weeks of treatment; the respiratory rate（RR）

tidal volume（VT）

ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time（TPEF/TE）

arterial partial pressure of oxygen（PaO

2

）

partial pressure of carbon dioxide（PaCO

2

） and oxygen saturation(SaO

2

of the two groups were compared before and at 2 weeks of treatment. Results The total effective rate of treatment for the children in the observation group was 95.00%

which was higher than that in the control group（75.00%）

and the difference was statistically significant（P

<

0.05）. Before treatment

there was no statistically significant difference between the RR

VT and TPEF/TE of children in the 2 groups（P

>

0.05）. After treatment

the RR of children in the 2 groups was smaller than that before treatment and smaller in the observation group than in the control group

with statistically significant differences（P

<

0.05）. After treatment

the VT and TPEF/TE of children in the 2 groups were greater than before treatment and greater in the observation group than in the control group

with statistically significant differences（P

<

0.05）. Before treatment

there was no statistically significant difference in Pa O2

Pa CO2

and Sa O2 levels between the 2 groups of children（P

>

0.05）. After treatment

PaCO

2

levels of children in the 2 groups were lower than before treatment and lower in the observation group than in the control group

with statistically significant differences（P

<

0.05）. After treatment

PaO

2

and SaO

2

levels of children in the 2 groups were higher than before treatment and higher in the observation group than in the control group

with statistically significant differences（P

<

0.05）. Conclusion The combined strategy（IPPV + PS replacement therapy） is clinically effective in the treatment of children with NRDS

as it can effectively improve the pulmonary function and arterial blood gas index of the children

which makes it worthy of clinical promotion.