Objective：To investigate and analyze the knowledge comprehension，attitude，and prevention and control behavior of parents having children under 18 years old during coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19） pandemic period，so as to make scientific and tar－geted health education strategies for medical personnel to better understand needs of children’s parents. Methods：The snowball sam－pling method and the self-designed questionnaire were used to collect parents’ opinion having children under 18 years old，and a total of 1 020 questionnaires were filled through the Internet. Results：Among all patients，73.2% comprehended COVID-19 and relat－ed knowledge，47.1% had a positive attitude towards the prevention and control of COVID-19，and 87.5% had a good behavior in preventing and controlling COVID-19. The comprehension rate of prevention to new children-related coronavirus infection was about 50%；36% children had adverse emotions such as emotional instability，loneliness，and anxiety；67.5% children’s parents had adverse emotions such as emotional instability and anxiety. Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between scores of knowledge comprehension，attitude，and prevention and control behaviors. Results of univariate analysis showed that only occupation of children’s parents had an influence on their knowledge，attitude and behavior（P<0.05）. Conclusion：Medical per－sonnel can popularize the prevention knowledge of COVID-19 related to children through various channels，focusing on the psycho－logical problems of children and parents，and providing targeted guidance.