At present

tumor immunotherapy is the research hotspot of tumor therapy

in which programmed death-1（PD-1）/programmed death-ligand 1（PD-L1）is an important immune checkpoint.The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway inhibits T cell proliferation and function

mediates tumor immune escape

and promotes tumor progression.PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been widely used in tumor therapy.In hematological tumors

nivolumab

a PD-1 inhibitor

has shown encouraging efficacy in the treatment of classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma.Basic and clinical research on other hematological malignancies is also actively underway.This article reviews the research progress on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in hematological malignancies.