Objective To investigate the main death causes and potential life lost among the permanent residents of Fengjie County of Chongqing

so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating local strategies on disease control and prevention.Methods Based on the International Classification of Diseases（ICD-10）

the death causes were classified and coded.The main descriptive parameters included mortality rate

constituent ratio

years of potential life lost（PYLL）and etc.Results In 2015

a total of 6 004 deaths were reported among the permanent residents of Fengjie County of Chongqing

with a crude mortality rate of 704.04/100 000 and a standardized mortality rate of 462.87/100 000.The top five death causes among the whole population were malignancies

cerebrovascular diseases

chronic lower respiratory diseases

heart diseases

and injuries

&

poisoning

accounting for 83.61% of all deaths in 2015.The sequence of the top five death causes among male residents was exactly the same as that of the whole population

whereas the sequence among females were somewhat different

i.e.cerebrovascular diseases

malignancies

heart diseases

chronic lower respiratory diseases

and injuries

&

poisoning.When stratified by age groups

the main death cause in both the 1

4

and5

1

4 years age groups was "external causes such as injuries

&

poisoning".The top five causes of PYLL among the whole population were malignancies

injuries

&

poisoning

cerebrovascular diseases

heart diseases

and chronic lower respiratory diseases;the top three causes of PYLL in both males and females were malignancies

injuries

&

poisoning

and cerebrovascular diseases.Conclusion Chronic diseases are the leading causes of death among the permanent residents of Fengjie County of Chongqing;and the main causes of premature death include malignancies and injuries

&

poisoning.Along with the growth of the aged population

prevention and treatment of chronic diseases will become apriority of our future health work.