Objective To provide scientific basis for strategies on preventing and treating iron-deficiency anemia and obesity of female college students through understanding the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia and obesity of the female college students of Northeast Petroleum University.Method To select 3 369 female college students at Northeast Petroleum University through random sampling and conduct physical examination

laboratory examination

and health questionnaire survey

and make a statistical analysis of the results.ResultsThe prevalence rate of iron-deficiency anemia for female college students was 18.52%.The same rate for the female students with normal bodily weight was 17.82%

while the same rate for the obese or overweight female students was 24.51% which was higher than the former

and the differences were statistically significant（χ2=9.419

P=0.002）.Menstruation

dietary bias

snacks

meat

blood products

and fruits contribute to the proneness to iron-deficiency anemia of female college students who are obese or overweight

while factors such as menstruation

blood products

meat

bean products

and fruits had inductive influence on female students with normal bodily weight.Conclusion Institutions of higher learning shall reinforce their health education and dissemination to female students and promote healthy dietary habit to reduce the prevalence rates of iron-deficiency anemia and obesity among them.