Objective　To explore the effect and experience of problem-based (PBL) teaching in neurosurgical clinical training and improve the quality of the neurosurgical clinical training. Methods 600 clinical medical students of Grade 2011 in their probation in our department of neurosurgery were chosen as the subjects of study and were randomly divided into the experimental (PBL

15 groups

20 people/group

over 300 people) and control groups (CBL+ LBL

15 groups

20 people/group

over 300 people). In experimental group

PBL which is a problem-based

student-centered and teacher-directed pedagogy was adopted. In control group

CBL (case-based learning) + LBL (lecture-based learning) were adopted. After probation

two groups of students had the unified test and assessed their teaching methods by questionnaire survey and at the same time

the questionnaire survey about PBL' impact on the various aspects was done only to experimental group students. SPSS 15.0 software was used to do statistical analysis and data were processed by description analysis

t test

Mann-Whitney U test and correlation analysis. Results The scores of theoretical knowledge and general ability in PBL group [(40.57±3.24)， (41.23±4.56) individually] were higher than these in control group [(37.21±4.05)，(36.51±4.11) individually]. The differences demonstrated statistically meanings. Through the surveys

the students in experimental group showed the high satisfaction (97.0%

n=291) in PBL teaching. Most of the students considered that their abilities of team cooperation (96.7%

n=290)

and self-directed learning (92.7%

n=278) were improved by PBL teaching. The students in experimental group illustrated their attitudes in satisfaction of teaching; interests of clinical training

participation of teaching and understanding of knowledge were superior to the control group. The differences demonstrated statisti-cally meanings. Conclusion　PBL teaching got a good effect in neurosurgical clinical training. This method

which improved students' participation and motivation of study and contributed to the training of medical students' comprehensive abilities

is suitable for modern neurosurgical clinical training.