医科类大学本科生“双创”活动知信行现状及影响因素分析

丁玲　宋丽　王金桃　燕燕　武永清　周微　高幸幸　宋晓敏　李小雪　高雯　吕元婧

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医科类大学本科生“双创”活动知信行现状及影响因素分析

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- 医科类大学本科生“双创”活动知信行现状及影响因素分析
- On the status quo and influencing factors on the knowledge, attitude and practice of innovation and entrepreneurship activities in a medical university
- 中华医学教育探索杂志 2019年18卷第8期
- 作者机构：
  
  山西医科大学公共卫生学院,太原
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
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- 纸质出版日期：2019，
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丁玲　宋丽　王金桃　燕燕　武永清　周微　高幸幸　宋晓敏　李小雪　高雯　吕元婧. 医科类大学本科生“双创”活动知信行现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华医学教育探索杂志, 2019,18(8).

On the status quo and influencing factors on the knowledge, attitude and practice of innovation and entrepreneurship activities in a medical university[J]. 2019,18(8).
丁玲　宋丽　王金桃　燕燕　武永清　周微　高幸幸　宋晓敏　李小雪　高雯　吕元婧. 医科类大学本科生“双创”活动知信行现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华医学教育探索杂志, 2019,18(8). DOI：

On the status quo and influencing factors on the knowledge, attitude and practice of innovation and entrepreneurship activities in a medical university[J]. 2019,18(8). DOI：

摘要

目的　了解大学生创新创业活动知信行现状，分析影响因素，为进一步开展创新创业活动提供科学依据。方法　2018年5月，采用分层整群抽样法抽取850名医学本科学生进行自填式问卷调查。收集研究对象的人口学特征、创新创业活动相关的知识、态度及行为问题，采用德尔菲专家评分法计算知信行各部分的加权得分，采用SPSS 22.0卡方检验、多因素logistic和线性回归分析。结果　共发放问卷850份，回收有效问卷800份，研究对象创新创业活动知识、态度和行为的均分和及格率分别为（0.54±0.14），38.1%；（0.56±0.23），51.5%；（0.37±0.19），12.6%。知识方面：创新创业相关概念认识情况的及格率为70.5%，相关政策了解程度的及格率为17.2%。高年级比低年级及格率高（P=0.000），成绩优异者比成绩较差者及格率高（P=0.004）。态度方面：创新创业活动对个人发展态度的及格率为63.6%，参加创新创业活动态度的及格率为49.8%，学校继续开展创新创业相关活动态度的及格率为23.8%。行为方面：参加科研学术活动、参加社会实践、主动培养创新能力、自主创业的及格率分别为8.5%、62.9%、11.9%、27.3%。高年级比低年级及格率高（P=0.001）。知识与态度、行为与知识和态度之间均呈正向线性关系。结论　医科类大学生参与创新创业活动的态度较积极；较高的知晓率有利于态度的培养和活动参与度的提高，因此有必要加大开展创新创业活动的力度，做好宣传和教育工作，促进创新创业的意识培养

Abstract

Objective 　To understand the situation of college students' knowledge

attitude and practice (KAP) of innovation and entrepreneurship activities and analyze their influencing factors

in order to provide a scientific basis for further promotion of innovation and entrepreneurship activities. Methods　A self-administered questionnaire survey using cluster sampling method was conducted among 850 undergraduates in a medical university in May

2018. The demographic characteristics and questions pertaining to the KAP of innovation and entrepreneurship activities were collected

The weighted scores of KAP were calculated using the Delphi method. Chi-square test

multivariate logistic regression and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results　A total of 850 questionnaires were sent out and 800 valid questionnaires were collected. The average scores and pass rates for the knowledge

attitude and practice of the 800 college students were (0.54±0.14)

38.1%; (0.56±0.23)

51.5%; and (0.37±0.19)

12.6%

respectively. Knowledge: the pass rate for the concepts related to innovation and entrepreneurship was 70.5%

and the pass rate for the policies related to innovation and entrepreneurship was 17.2%. The pass rate of senior students and excellent students were higher than those of junior students and students of lower academic competence (P=0.000

P=0.004). Attitudes: the pass rate for attitude towards the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship and personal development was 63.6%

the pass rate for attitudes towards participation in innovation and entrepreneurship was 49.8%

and the pass rate for attitudes towards the school continuing to carry out innovation and entrepreneurship related activities was 23.8%. Practice: the pass rates for participation in scientific research and academic activities and social practice

voluntary cultivation of innovation ability and self-employment were 8.5%

62.9%

11.9% and 27.3%

respectively. The pass rate of senior grades was higher than that of junior grades (P=0.001). Scores for knowledge and those of attitude are positively correlated. Scores for practice and those of knowledge and attitude are positively correlated. Conclusion　The higher pass rates for medical college students' attitude toward innovation and entrepreneurship activities as compared to those for knowledge and practice indicates high eagerness toward participation in innovation and entrepreneurship activities; a high rate knowledge is conducive to the cultivation of attitudes and the improvement of participation in activities. Therefore

it is necessary to strengthen the efforts in carrying out innovation and entrepreneurship activities

improve publicity and education

and promote the awareness-raising of innovation and entrepreneurship.

关键词

创新创业　大学生　知信行　影响因素

Keywords

Innovation and entrepreneurship　College students　Knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP)　Influencing factors

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