Objective　To survey and analyze medical postgraduates' ideological and political awareness to provide evidence for improvement of ideological and political education. Methods　By using the self-made questionnaire a survey was conducted among 1 199 medical postgraduates from April 1， 2013 to April 10. The questionnaire included general condition， politics status， religion， collective consciousness， learning goals， the view about the construction of ideological and political education counselor team， etc. Advice and suggestions were given according to the analysis of the re-sults. Results　A total of 1 169 valid questionnaires were collected. Among all the members， the communist party members and league members account for 33.7% and 47.6%， respectively； 92.5% of the students had no religious beliefs； 15.1% served as departments cadres， 6.4% served as university-level cadres； 41.3% of the students thought their tutors care for them very much， and 66.9% of the students could communicate with tutors weekly; 38.9% of the students complained the main pressure came from family， while 24.2% thought the main pressure came from the employment pressure； 47.5% thought it was very necessary to establish a professional counselor team. Conclusions　The survey is scientific and reasonable， providing a reliable basis to improve our postgraduate education. Most medical postgraduates have a firm and correct political position， and their world outlook and outlook on life are basically stable. However， there are many problems needed to be solved immediately. Consid-ering the particularity of graduate education， it is necessary to reinforce the professional counselor and tutor team and further explore the medical postgraduates' ideological and political awareness edu-cation to promote the development of postgraduate education.