Objective To explore the effect of TBL based on evidence-based medicine PICOS model in practice teaching of neurology. Methods Totally 59 medical undergraduates in our department were chosen and randomly divided into 2 groups during March 2016 to April 2016. 24 students in the trial group were taught with TBL based on PICOS

while other 23 students in the control group were taught with conventional TBL method．After three times clinical practices

the test refer to disease pathogenesis

clinical manifestations

auxiliary examinations

diagnosis and treatments of related diseases

was performed

meanwhile

questionnaire were distributed to students in order to survey satisfaction of teaching methods. All the results and scores of two groups were compared. Statistical analyzed using t-test and χ2 test with SPSS 17.0 software. Results The score of the theoretical test of trial group was significantly superior to the control group[ (89.08±3.60)vs(79.09±7.75)

t=5.707; P=0.03 ]. In the experimental group

the number of students in the trial group who think teaching method can help understand clinical thinking of neurology and can help integrate the theory into clinical practice is significantly higher than that in the control group[22 vs 14

χ2=4.615; P=0.032; 21 vs13

χ2=4.191; P=0.041]. Conclusion In the clinical teaching of neurology

the TBL based on PICOS model is more effective than conventional TBL method o for medical undergraduates.