Objective　To explore the application and effect of the situational case teaching in online internship teaching of anesthesiology. Methods　Thirty-four anesthesiology undergraduates in batch 2015 were randomized into two groups

the experimental group and the control group

with 17 students in each group. The experimental group adopted situational case teaching method

and the control group were taught by the traditional case-based teaching method. The questionnaire survey was used to assess the evaluation of students' personal comprehensive ability and teaching effect on the two groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0

and the measurement data were expressed by (mean ± standard deviation). Independent sample t test was used for comparison between the two groups

with significant difference when P<0.05. Results　The experimental group is superior than the control group in improvement of learning interest

self-learning ability

comprehensive expression and

communication ability

problem analyzing and solving ability

ability of uniting theory with practice

adaptability

and teamwork ability (P<0.05). The recognition degree of this teaching mod and teaching effects is also significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion　The situational case teaching mode has achieved good results in the online internship teaching of anesthesiology. This method can stimulate students' learning interest

improve learning efficiency

enhance students' ability of clinical practice and comprehensive quality

and also be beneficial to the improvement of teaching quality.